Tag: pa view

Cáceres’ Corner Case 218 – SOLVED

~ Dr. Pepe ~ 12 Comments

Dear Friends,

an easy case to celebrate the new year. PA radiograph of a 36-year-old woman with chest pain.

What do you see?

Click here to see the answer

Findings: PA chest radiograph shows a fracture of the right clavicle (A, arrow). A magnified view of the area raises the possibility of a lytic lesion (B, arrow).

Specific low-Kv images of the clavicle were taken, showing a rounded permeative lesion with a pathological fracture (C, arrow. D, circle). No other lesions were demonstrated in a bone scan. Biopsy followed by surgery came back as chondrosarcoma.

Final diagnosis: chondrosarcoma of clavicle with pathological fracture
 
Congratulations to Archanareddyt, who discovered the pathological fracture
 
Teaching point: when evaluating bone lesions of the chest, take specific views. They allow a better interpretation of the pathologic changes

Cáceres’ Corner Case 217 – SOLVED

~ Dr. Pepe ~ 15 Comments

Dear Friends,

I am showing today PA chest radiographs in two asymptomatic patients They have subtle findings that can be discovered if you paid attention to the previous webinars.

What do you see?

Prof. Cáceres will take some well-deserved holidays and will come back on January 6th with new cases!

Click here to see the answer

Case 1 findings: PA radiograph shows a well-defined opacity behind the cardiac shadow (A, arrow), better seen in the cone-down view (B, arrow). It has an extrapulmonary appearance and the best option is diaphragmatic hernia.

Coronal and sagittal CT demonstrate herniated abdominal fat through a rent in the posterior diaphragm (C-D, arrows).
 
Final diagnosis:Bochdaleck hernia

Case 1 has been diagnosed by most of you. Congratulations to Archanareddyt,
who was the first. Hope my recommendations in Webinar 4 were helpful!


REMEMBER

In the cardiac area look for:

* Opacities behind the left heart
* Double contour on the right

Case 2 findings: This patient has a faint but visible right infraclavicular nodule (A-B, arrows).

The nodule was overlooked and one year later had grown markedly (D, arrow). At surgery, a melanoma was found.
 
Final diagnosis: melanoma of the lung, missed in the initial examination

Teaching point: This is a difficult case, but easily diagnosed if you remember my oft-repeated mantra: “Search for pulmonary nodules in the pulmonary apices” (Webinar 1). Nobody saw the nodule and I feel useless (sniff).

Cáceres’ Corner Case 215 – SOLVED

~ Dr. Pepe ~ 9 Comments

Dear Friends,

Today’s case has been provided by my good friend and former resident Victor Pineda. Radiographs belong to a 56-year-old man with cough and fever.
What do you see?

More images will be shown on Wednesday!

Click here to see the images shown on Monday

Dear friends hope these new images help you with the diagnosis.

Click here to see more images

Click here to see the answer

Findings: PA chest radiograph shows a large paramediastinal lung opacity (A, arrow) that at first glance suggest malignancy. The clue to the diagnosis lies in identifying multiple bronchiectasis in the right and left central lung fields (A, circles).

The lateral view confirms the opacity in the posterior segment of the RUL (B, arrow) and bronchiectasis in the anterior clear space (B, circle).

Central bronchiectasis accompanied by lung opacities are typical of diseases with thick tenacious mucus and are the hallmark of cystic fibrosis o allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Coronal and axial CT confirm the presence of numerous central bronchiectasis, one of them with a large mucous impaction (C and D, arrows).

In the mediastinal window the impacted mucus is increased in density (E and F, arrows), which is a pathognomonic sign of ABPA.

Final diagnosis: ABPA with central bronchiectasis and dense pulmonary impaction
 
Congratulations to MG who was the first to answer and made a valiant effort to diagnose a difficult case.
 
Teaching point: this case looks difficult, but the diagnosis is easy if we identify basic findings. Discovering central bronchiectasis narrows the diagnosis to two entities and CT confirms one of them.